All children under 3 years old must use an appropriate child restraint when travelling in any car or goods vehicle (except in the rear of a taxi if a child seat is not available).
Children aged 3 or more years old and up to 135cm (approx. 4ft 5in) in height must use an appropriate child restraint when travelling in cars or goods vehicles fitted with seat belts.
(Few exceptions are permitted).
Rear facing baby seats must not be used in seats with an active frontal air-bag.
From May 2009, where seat belts are provided, the number of people carried in the rear of vehicles may not exceed the number of seats available fitted with seat belts or child restraints.
From May 2008 only child restraints complying with UN ECE Reg 44.03 or a later standard may be used.
Drivers remain responsible for seat belt wearing and use of the relevant child seat or booster by children under 14 years of age.
Penalties for offenders remain at a £30 fixed penalty notice or a maximum fine of £500 if a case goes to court.